可以做表语成分有哪些
表语成分(形容词,名词,分词,介词短语,副词,不定式)
一、名词作表语Africa is a big continent.
非洲是个大洲。
That remains a puzzle to me.
这对我还是个难题。
二、代词作表语What's your fax number?
你的传真号是多少?
三、形容词作表语I feel much better today.
我今天感觉好多了。
四、数词作表语She was the first to learn about it.
她是第一个知道的人。
五、不定式或ing形式作表语Her job is selling computers.
她的工作是销售电脑。
Our next step was to get raw materials ready.
我们下一步是把原料准备好。
六、介词短语作表语The patient is out of danger.
病人脱险了。
I don't feel at ease.
我感到不自在。
七、副词作表语The sun is up.
太阳升起来了。
I must be off now.
现在我得走了。
八、从句作表语This is what he said.
这就是他所说的话。
不定式表语
1、表示目的。The next step is to make sure that you know exactly what is required.
下一步你要真正弄清楚需要的是什么。
The purpose of education is to develop a fine personality in children.
教育的目的是发展儿童完美的品格。
2、表示事态发展的结果、预期的结果、不幸的命运或语言。 He was to perish in a shipwreck and to l-eave a wife and two children.
后来他在一次船只失事中死了,留下了妻子和两个孩子。
You must speak out,if we are to remain friends.
如果我们还想继续做朋友的话,你就必须痛痛快快地把话都说出来。
You are to die at ninety-eight.
你会在98岁时去世。
3、用于第一人称疑问句,表示征求意见。What am I to say if they ask me the question
要是他们问我这个问题,我该怎么回答呢?
What am I to do if I have no money
如果没有钱,我该怎么办呢?
4、用于被动语态,相当于can/could,should,ought to,must,具有情态意义。 You are to be rewarded.
你应该受到奖励。(should)
It’s nowhere to be found.哪儿也找不到它。(can’t be)
These books are not to be sold.
这些书不应该卖掉。(ought not to be)
5、表示“同意、安排、命令、决定、劝告、意愿、禁止”等。They are to marry next week.
他们将在下周结婚。(安排)
Children are not to smoke.
儿童不准吸烟。(禁止)
You must be patient and persistent if you are to succeed.
想要成功,就必须有耐心,有毅力。(愿望)
6、不定式作表语,可用主动形式表示被动意义。She is to blame.
她应该受到责备。
A great deal is yet to do.
还有许多事要做。
Something is still to find out.
有些东西还有待查明。
表语从句
一、什么是表语从句?表语从句放在连系动词之后,充当复合句中的表语。
表语从句(Predicative Clause)就是指一个句子作为表语,说明主语是什么或者怎么样,由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当,和连系动词一起构成谓语。
二、表语从句的构成:关联词+简单句
三、引导表语从句关联词种类:1. 可接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,seem,sound,appear等。
例句:At that time,it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word. 当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
2. 从属连词whether,as,as if / though引导的表语从句。
例句:It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door.听起来好像有人在敲门。
3. because,why引导的表语从句。
例句:That's why he got angry with me.那正是他对我生气的原因。(That's why…强调结果)
注意:
what引导的主语从句表示结果或名词reason作主语时,后面的表语从句表示原因时要用that引导,不宜用because。
4. 连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever
连接副词 where,when,how,why
例句:The problem is who we can get to replace her.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。
5. 从属连词that
例句:The trouble is that I have lost his address.麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。
6. 使用虚拟语气的表语从句
在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句,谓语动词需用“should+动词原形” 表示,should可省略。
常见的词有:advice,suggestion,order,proposal,plan,idea等。
例句:My suggestion is that we (should) start early tomorrow. 我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。
四、表语从句易错点:1. 连系动词be,appear,seem,look等之后可以跟表语从句。
例句:It appears to her that he wants to teach us all he has.在她看来,他似乎要把他所会的都教给我们。
2. 引导表语从句的引导词有以下几类。
1)wh-疑问词
2)whether
例句:My question is whether he left(or not).我的问题是他是否离开了。
注:if不能引导表语从句。
3)that
例句:The fact is that he left. 事实是他离开了。
注:引导表语从句的连词that间或可以省略。
4)because,as,as if,as though
例句:It's just because he doesn't know her. 这是仅仅因为他不认识她。